How Defeat Hoax Information
Al-Qur’an is the source of guidance assists human beings to worship of Allah. Al-Qur’an is the sources of human life to arrange every aspect of it. Al-Qur’an needed interpretation and commentary was recognized by Muslims right from the start, and over fourteen centuries of islamic era a considerable body of exegesis has been produced. that exegesis (the tafsir tradition) reflects a wide variety of methods, presuppositions, focuses of interest and substantive of conclusions.
Modern people attempt to understand the Qur’an have generally been based on that Muslim tradition, which has also itself become an object of study. in recent years, however, there have been attempts to widen the field discussion and to experiment with new approaches which develop insights gained from historical, literary critical and other studies. The result is that a variety of approaches to the Qur’an and the muslim exegesis tradition is now available.[1]
Abu Huraira reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him said, “ The signs of a hypocrite are three, even if he fasts and prays and claims to be a muslim: when he speaks he lies, when he gives a promise he breaks it, when he is trusted he is treacherous. ”[2]
Now days, Indonesian government has big problem with the spreading of fake news or hoax. Fake news or hoax is an act intended to deceive or trick. In other word, hoax is something has been established or accepted by fraudulent means.[3] Hoax is propagated to get certain purposes, for example to damage the legal government or to broke the islamic brotherhood. The hoaxer make the fake news to believe the false opinion.
Fake news has been attack the pillars of islam, until it is resulted in dissension of the people. In caliphate era, fake news is big cause that broken the building of islam values. Al-Fitnah al- Kubra is began from the killed of Usman bin Affan caliph. After that, the people spread the false news about the killing of Usman bin Affan caliph. It is the first reason which broken the islamic brotherhood. It is also caused the war between Ali bin Thalib and Muawiyyah bin Abi Sofyan.[4]
The word of “ slander” or buhtan is mentioned in Qur’an eighth times. it is placed in Qur’an surah Al-Baqarah, verse 285, Al-Anbiya’ verse 40, An-Nur verse 16, Al-Muntahamah verse 12, Al-Ahzab verse 58, and An-Nisa’ verse 20, 112, and verse 156.
The word of buhtan has a lot of similarities, like fitnah, khianat and ifk. The Holy of Al-Qur’an mentions it fifth times in several verses. Al-Qur’an gives signal for human to keep away from this behaviour.
Dr. Wahbah Zuhaili, the modern tafsir scholar in tafsir munir book describes that the slander is one of evil attitude. This attitude is damaged for ourself and our society.
Allah said in holy Qur’an surah An-Nisa’ verse 112:
وَمَنْ يَكْسِبْ خَطِيئَةً أَوْ إِثْمًا ثُمَّ يَرْمِ بِهِ بَرِيئًا فَقَدِ احْتَمَلَ بُهْتَانًا وَإِثْمًا مُبِينًا (112)
The meaning: But whoever earns an offense or a sin and the blames it on an innocent (person) has take upon himself a slander and manifest sin.
In this verse, Dr. Wahbah Zuhaili explain the asbabun nuzul. This verse is revealed to explain the certain event that related with previous situation prophet Muhammad and his companions. It is related with the robbing of Tu’mah. He hid the stolen goods at jewish home. Tu’mah did not recognize his attitude. but he blamed to jewish person that he was a thief.
Then, this event is reported to the Messenger of Allah, Muhammmad peace be upon him. Tu’mah and his family asked to Muhammad that he (Tu’mah) does not steal this commodity and judge the jewish person. Muhammad almost punished the jewish because slander from Tu’mah.
[1] G.K. Hawting and Abdul Kader A. Sharef, Approaches to the Qur’an, New York, Routledge, p. 1
[2]Imam Bukhori, Shahih Bukhori, Beirut; Darul Fikr, 1981, vol. 1, p. 14 or Imam Muslim, Shahih Muslim, Beirut, Darul Fikr, 1988, vol. 1, p. 50
[3]www.thefreedictionary.com/hoax accessed on 16 February 2017.
[4]https://m.tempo.co/read/kolom/2017/01/25/2463/hoa-dan-islam accesed on 16 February 2017.
